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Types of Various Trusses | Wooden Trusses

The various types of trusses in use are

Every first 8 types are typically wooden trusses.

  • King-post, truss
  • Queen post truss
  • Combination of king-post and Queen post truss
  • Mansard truss
  • Truncated truss
  • Bel-fast truss
  • Steel truss
  • Composite trusses.
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

King-post truss

Any king-post truss consists of the next components

  1. lower strap beam,
  2. pair inclined principal rafters,
  3. two struts, and
  4. a king post.
  • The principal rafters support the purlins.
  • The purlins support the nearly-spaced common rafters which own the same slope as the principal rafters.
  • The common rafters support that roof covering as usual.
  • The spacing from the kingpost truss is limited to 4 m from middle to middle.
  • The truss is suitable for spans varying from 5 to 8 metres.
  • The principal rafter is jointed to the tie-beam with a single abutment and ‘tenon joint’ or by a ‘bridle joint’.
  • The collective is further strengthened by a wrought iron heel strap, which would round the joint.
  • The king-post is provided among splayed shoulders and feet and is tenoned toward the upper edge of the tie beam for a sufficient distance.
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

Queen-post truss

  • A queen-post truss differs from a king-post truss in having two vertical posts, rather than one.
  • The vertical posts are known as queen posts, the tops of which are correlated by a horizontal piece, known as a straining beam.
  •  Two struts are provided to join the feet of any queen-post to the principal rafter, The queen-posts are the tension members.
  • The straining beams receive the thrust from the principal rafters and keep the junction in a stable position.
  •  A straining beam is introduced on the tie beam within the queen posts to counteract each thrust from inclined struts which happens in compression.
  • In the absence of the straining sill, the thrust from the strut would serve to force the foot of the queen-post inwards.
  • These trusses are suitable for spans between 8 to 12 metres.
  • The joint at the head of the queen-post -is formed due upon the junction of pair compression members (principal timber plus straining beam) and each tension member(queen-post).
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

Combination of king-post and queen-post truss

  • King-post and Queen-post trusses are suitable for spans up to 12 meters.
  • For greater spans, the queen-post truss can strengthen by one more upright member, called a princess-post to each side.
  •  Fig. displays the resulting combination of king-post also queen-post trusses, which are becoming up to 18 m spans.
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

Mansard roof truss

  • This roof truss called given to its designer Francois Mansard, a French planner.
  • A mansard roof truss does a combination of king-post and queen-post trusses.
  •  It is a two-storey truss, with the upper division consisting of a king-post truss and the lower portion of a queen-post truss.
  • The entire truss has two pitches. The upper pitch (king-post truss) varies from 30° to 40° while the two lower pitch (queen-truss) varies from 60° to 70°.
  • The use of these trusses results in an economy in space.
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

Truncated truss

  • A truncated truss is comparable to a Mansard truss, except that its head is formed flat, with some gentle slope to one side.
  • This type of truss is used when it is required to provide a room in the roof, between the two queen posts of the truss, as shown in Fig.

Bel-fast roof truss (Bowstring truss)

  • This truss, in the form of a bow, consists of thin sections of timber, with its best chord curved.
  •  If this roof covering is light, the roof truss can be managed up to 30 m.
Types Various Trusses, Trusses, Various Trusses, King-post, truss, Queen post truss, Types of Trusses, The first 8 types are essentially wooden trusses, Mansard truss, Truncated truss, Bel-fast truss, Steel truss, Composite trusses,

Composite roof trusses

  • Roof trusses made of two materials, such because timber also steel, are known as composite rooftop trusses.
  • In a composite truss, the tension members are made of steel, while compression members are made of timber.
  • If tension members are made of timber, their section becomes very heavy because of the reduction of a section at the joints.
  • Special fittings mean required for the junction of steel and timber members.
Types of Various Trusses | Wooden Trusses

Types of Steel Roof Trusses

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