Kaplan Turbine Working Principle
Kaplan Turbine
Fig. A) Main Component of the Kaplan turbine
Fig. B) Kaplan turbine runner
- During the vanes on the hub do adjustable, this turbine is known as a Kaplan Turbine, after the name of V Kaplan, an Austrian Engineer. That turbine is suitable wherever a large quantity of water at these low heads is available.
- Fig.B) shows the individual runners of a Kaplan turbine, which consists of a hub fixed to the shaft. On the hub, this adjustable vane is fixed as shown in Fig. B
Some main parts from a Kaplan turbine remain
- Scroll casing,
- Guide vanes mechanism,
- Hub by vanes or runner of the turbine, and
- Draft tube.
Fig. A) shows all the main parts of a Kaplan turbine. The water from the penstock enters the scroll casing and then moves to the guide vanes.
From the guide vanes, the water turns through 90Β° and flows axially through the runner as shown in Fig. A)
The discharge through the runner is obtained as
Q=(Ο/4)(Da^2-Db^2)x Vf1
Where,Β
Do = Outer diameter from the runner
Db = Diameter from a hub, and
Vf1 = Velocity from flow at the inlet
