Force exerted on the jet on vertical plate

Force exerted on the jet toward a stationary vertical plate

Introduction

• Some liquid comes out in the structure of a jet from the outlet of a nozzle, which is fitted to a pipe into which the liquid is flowing under pressure. 
• If any plate, which may be fixed practically moving, is placed in each path of the jet, a force is exerted through the jet on the plate. 
• That force is obtained of Newton's second law of motion otherwise of impulse-momentum equation. 
• Since the impact of jet indicates the force exerted by the jet on a plate which may be stationary either moving.

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Fig,  Force exerted by the jet toward a vertical plate

Force exerted on the jet toward a stationary vertical plate

• Suppose a jet of water coming out of the nozzle, strikes a flat vertical plate as noted 

Let. 

v = Velocity of the jet, 

d = Diameter of the jet,

A = Area from Cross - Section from the jet

= (π/4)d^2 

• Each jet after striking the plate will run along with the plate. 
• Though the plate is at right angles to the jet. 
• Onward the jet after striking will get deflected through 90°.
• Hence the component of the velocity of jet, in the region of the jet, after striking order be zero. 
• The force exerted by the jet toward the plate in the way of the jet.

Fx = Rate of change of momentum in the direction of a force

= (Initial momentum - Final momentum)/Time

= (Mass x Initial velocity - Mass x Final velocity)/Time

= (Mass/Time) x (Initial velocity - Final velocity)

= (Density x Volume / Time in sec.) x (Velocity of jet before striking - Velocity of jet after striking)

= p(v/t) x (u - 0)

= p Q x (V)

= p x a x v x v

= pav^2

• For deriving above equation, we have taken initial velocity minus final velocity or not final velocity minus initial velocity.
• If this force exerted on the jet is to be determined then final minus initial velocity is exerted.
• Although if the force exerted by the jet on the plate is to be determined, before initial velocity minus final velocity is exerted.

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